Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a complex multifunctional enzyme system which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. In cells, excess of metabolic fuel is converted into fatty acids in cytosol and oxidized later in mitochondria to generate ATP and acetyl-CoA. The limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is the catalytic formation of malonyl-CoA (precursor for long-chain fatty acetyl-CoA, LCFA-CoA) from acetyl-CoA by a 256 kDa protein called Acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC-1).1 The translocation of LCFA-CoA from cytosol to mitochondria is catalyzed by two carnitine palmitoyl transferases (CPT-1 & CPT-2) and regulated by ACC-2, the rate limiting step of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Activities of ACC-1 and 2 are regulated by their phosphorylation by 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).2

Diabetes deranges AMPK master-switch and represses the ACC-1 gene-expression and stimulates excessive fatty acid oxidation which in turn interferes with glucose metabolism. ACC-1 also known as ACC-alpha is a cytosolic enzyme, enriched in liver, adipose and lactating mammary tissues.2 Development and progression of cancer is accompanied by marked changes in the expression and activity of enzymes involved in the cellular homeostasis of fatty acids. It has been shown that ACC-1 has a possible role in susceptibility to breast cancer due to the ACC-alpha common sequence variants.3 Since ACCs activity in cancer cells are essential for proliferation and survival, the concept of using small-molecule ACC inhibitors as therapeutic agents has been suggested.4,5

Isotype
Mouse IgG1

Clone/PAD
143

Immunogen
Recombinant protein derived from the C-terminus of human Acetyl CoA Carboxylase 1 (ACC-1) protein (accession # Q13085, NP_942131), which is identical to chimpanzee. This protein is also 99% similar to Rhesus monkey, 96% similar to pig and bovine and 95% similar to mouse and rat.

Specificity
This antibody is specific for human ACC-1(ACC-alpha Biotin carboxylase, COA1_human) protein. On Western blots of human Jurkat cell lysates, it identifies the target band at ~265 kDa.

Reactivity
Human, Bovine, Chimpanzee, Monkey (Rhesus), Mouse, Rat, Swine
Hu (B, Cp, Mk (Rh), Ms, Rt, Sw)

Applications
ELISA, Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation, Western blot
E, IF, IP, WB

RUO

References:
1. Abu-Elheiga L et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci 92(9):4011-4015,1995.
2. Munday MR et al. Adv Enzyme Regul 39:205-234, 1999.
3. Beckers A et al. Cancer Res 67(17):8180-7, 2007.
4. Sinilnikova OM Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16(3):409-15, 2007.
5. Tong L et al. J Cell Biochem 99(6):1476-1488, 2006.